ar X iv : a st ro - p h / 04 02 30 0 v 1 1 2 Fe b 20 04 Properties of Extensive Air Showers ∗
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چکیده
Extensive air showers (EAS) are known for about 70 years to be cascades initiated by primary cosmic rays in the atmosphere. As such, they serve as connection to the highest particle energies nature is offering, especially at energies exceeding 10 eV where direct measurements of cosmic rays are hampered by the low primary flux. EAS can be viewed as tools for astroparticle physics. The main task is to reconstruct from the shower observables the parameters of the initial cosmic ray, which is in general straightforward for the particle direction. It is more a challenge for the energy and much more for the particle type of the primary. This is due mostly to shower fluctuations, an important EAS property given by the stochastic nature of the elementary interaction processes. Combined with the steep primary spectrum, the fluctuations impose a particular challenge for interpreting air shower data. Use can be made, however, of the fact that an EAS consists of different shower components.
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تاریخ انتشار 2004